Geometrical optics, studied in the first year, ignored the wave nature of light and so, in this course, we focus particularly on physical optics where the primary characteristic of waves viz. Iin my geometric and clinical optics class, i use a webbased, interactive demonstration of ray tracing for thin lenses and mirrors. Remember, the real focal point of a lens is behind the lens. If not, maybe you just want to know a little more about your own eyeglasses or contact lenses. Ncert solutions for class 12 physics chapter 9 ray optics. Geometric optics converging lenses and mirrors mercer.
A variety of experiments, worksheets, and online activities are included. Would like to have pdf files with answers to all the questions on all the worksheets. The angle of minimum dispersion derived from first principles. Prisms, geometrical optics from alevel physics tutor. Light waves can be bent and reflected to form new and sometimes altered images. Light and geometric optics big ideas light has characteristics and properties that can be manipulated by mirrors and lenses for a range of uses. View lab report lenses virtual lab geometric optics. Terms, equations, definitions, and concepts are discussed briefly and explained through a series of problems that are worked out in a stepbystep manner which. General physics 2 geometric optics 16 sign conventions focal length positive for converging lenses negative for diverging lenses object distance positive if the object is on the side of the lens from which the light is coming this is usually the case otherwise, it is negative virtual object.
Algebra arithmetic geometric or neither geometric mechanics geometric statistics proofs geometric distance to horizon geometric sequences worksheet geometric dimensioning and tolerance algebraic and geometric surgery. Geometric optics 3 for objects far from the mirror, the incident rays are parallel and are reected as illustrated in figure 3. It is interference that causes diffraction the bending of light around obstacles. Students are directed with the rules for drawing ray diagrams, including examples, for finding the image produced by thin lenses. Students will learn about refraction, lenses, and mirrors. Field guide to geometrical optics 2004 greivenkamp. The questions are about reflection, refraction, critical angle, lenses, reflectors, light rays propagating through different mediums, refractive index of materials, etc. Understanding how light rays can be manipulated allows us to create better contact lenses, fiber optic cables, and high powered telescopes.
General physics 2 geometric optics worksheet siena. The ray in geometric optics is an abstraction useful for approximating the paths along which light propagates under certain circumstances. The image height hi is positive if the image is upright, and negative if inverted, relative to the object. For a spherical mirror, the focal length is half of the radius of curvature, f.
Mir ror s and lenses click er questions question p1. A guide to geometric optics teaching approach in this series we explain geometric optics. If you capture sunlight in a mirror or lens you can feel the heat where the sunlight is reflectedrefracted as a real image but you cannot feel the heat where the sunlight is. Geometric optics the part of optics dealing with the ray aspect of light is called geometric optics. Optics questions with solutions and explanations at the bottom of the page. The lens we will use in this simulation is a thin doubleconvex lens. When an object is placed in front of a plane mirror the image is. Explain how an image is formed by a converging lens using ray diagrams. Terms, equations, definitions, and concepts are discussed briefly and explained through a series of problems that are worked out in a stepbystep manner which simplifies the problemsolving process. When you look at this page, too, you are seeing light reflected from it.
In order to quantify the variation of light speed in different medium, we introduce of an index of refraction n. Deviation, measured in degrees, is the angle an incident ray is turned through after passing through a prismor other optical component. This workbook is designed to supplement optics textbooks and covers all the traditional topics of geometrical optics. This is because we observe the processes emission, reflection, scattering at a distance 10cms with bare eyes that are much longer than the wavelength of light 107. These lessons have been designed to be used as a teaching tool, either as individual lessons or as a series, or they can be used as a revision tool. Question an object is located on the optical axis and a distance of 8 cm from a thin conver ging lens having focal length 10 cm. On the practice worksheet, students practice drawing their own ray diagrams an. Nov 08, 2019 quiz worksheet answering mirror questions with equations. In this lab, you will investigate lens optics using the 3ray system parallelfocal, focalparallel, central.
The ray in geometric optics is an abstraction useful for approximating the paths along which light propagates under certain circumstances the simplifying assumptions of geometrical optics include that light rays. Society has benefited from the development of a range of optical devices and technologies. How changing the lens radius, index and diameter effects where the image appears and how it looks magnification, brightness and inversion. The material in this field guide to geometrical optics derives from the treatment of geometrical optics that has evolved as part of the academic programs at the optical sciences center at the university of arizona. Formation of images by spherical mirrors sign conventions. Textbooks, laboratory manuals, demonstration, worksheet, activity, websites and good stories. Light and geometrical optics test 1 kaplan 3 passage i questions 16 figure 1 shows a simplified model of the eye that is based on the assumption that all of the refraction of entering light occurs at the cornea. A upright, magnified and real b upright, the same size and virtual c inverted, demagnified and real d inverted, magnified and virtual. Geometrical optics will help you understand the basics of light reflection and refraction and the use of simple optical elements such as mirrors, prisms, lenses. Image the ceiling fluorescent lights onto the floor using a lens.
A spherical concave mirror with a radius of curvature of 40. In principle, ray tracing can help us to analyze image formation in any given optical system as the rays refract or reflect at all interfaces in the optical train. At least flash player 8 required to run this simulation. Jan 19, 2017 geometric optics intuition with mirrors and lenses concave convex diverging converging doc physics duration. Geometrical optics, or ray optics, is a model of optics that describes light propagation in terms of rays. This light and geometric optics unit is suitable for 10th 11th grade. Geometric and clinical optics opt 232 ophthalmic optics. If we restrict the analysis to paraxial rays only, then. The cornea is a converging lens located at the outer surface of the eye with fixed focal length approximately equal to 2 cm. By using ray tracing and the law of reflection, you can figure out where the incoming rays are reflected. Conceptual physics textbook, laboratory manual, concept development book and cpo physics text and laboratory manual types of materials. Student worksheet activities about properties of light, reflection, refraction, reflection or refraction. These reected rays intersect at a point f the focal point and the distance from f to the mirror is the focal length.
Its time to see the light with a unit that focuses on light and geometric optics, including concave and convex mirrors. Geometrical optics is the treatment of the passage of light through lenses, prisms, etc. Lab manual lenses virtual lab using phet geometric optics irina golub january 30, 2017 read. In this set of lab exercises, the basic properties geometric optics concerning converging lenses and mirrors will be explored. Optics basics student worksheet answer the following questions. These questions may be used to practice for the sat physics test.
The subject of geometric optics is, by definition, mathematical and quantitative. Derivation of minimum deviation and how this relates to chromatic dispersion. If you are planning to go into a veterinary or medical field, you might be helping patients with eye problems. Assuming the object height ho to be positive, the sign convention we use are. It is meant to be a concise and userfriendly resource for clinicians as they begin their study of optics, and as. I also just learned this week about several ebooks for ipad that incorporate videos and animations to enhance learning.
A lab worksheet that could be used as a theoretical experiment that can help students come to their own conclusions re refraction. Parallel rays striking a concave mirror come together at focal point. Light and geometric optics unit for 10th 11th grade. One of the major ways to illustrate concepts and assess learning is by use of word problems that require one or more calculations. Worksheets are geometric optics, a guide to geometric optics, lecture notes on geometrical optics 021014, shed a little light on light and geometric optics, fundamentals of photonics module 1, geometrical optics, topic 16 geometric optics, waves and optics.
Mirror equation problems worksheet with answers pdf. Geometrical optics please remember to photocopy 4 pages onto one sheet by going a3a4 and using back to back on the photocopier contents. Some of the worksheets below are light reflection and refraction worksheets. This series revises previous knowledge on reflection in plain mirrors. Mrsmartinmath licensed for non commercial use only unit. Displaying all worksheets related to geometric optics. How prisms refract light to produce spectra and deviate different colours at different angles. Light reflection and refraction worksheets dsoftschools. The geometrical optics workbook out of printlimited availability. Geometric and clinical optics opt 232 ophthalmic optics use of technology description. Quiz worksheet answering mirror questions with equations. In this course we will use basic algebra and geometry, and therefore a good scientific calculator is required. Watch how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, move the lens, or move the screen. A light ray from a source goes in a straight line through the air, but when it encounters a lens, prism, or mirror it bends or changes direction.
For a spherical mirror, the focal length is half of the radius of curvature, f r2. The acclaimed introductory text to geometrical and visual optics now in full color geometrical and visual optics, third edition is a rigorous, yet approachable text that expertly combines basic optics with clinical application in a way that brings key optometry topics to life. Snc 2d light and geometric optics convex mirrors extra practice worksheet a draw a ray diagram for each to locate the image. Concept questions for physics using phet inquiry based algebrabased physics semester one lessons, clicker questions, and schedule in pdf inquiry based.
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